The city was soon filled with some 1,000 government members, 7,000 civil servants, and scores of rowdy Confederate soldiers itching for battle. [79], By 1863, Confederate generals such as Robert E. Lee often spent as much time and effort searching for food for their men, as they did in planning strategy and tactics. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Kirkland was born in Flat Rock, in Kershaw County, South Carolina. Edit Search New Search. BOYCOTT. One estimate of the Confederate wounded, which is considered incomplete, is 194,026. Find Confederate Soldiers stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Last modified on Tue 28 Feb 2023 01.43 EST. As the war progressed, the other general-officer ranks were quickly added, but no insignia for them was created. The first few states to join hands in the formation of the Confederacy were South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, and Texas. The search engine finds names alphabetically. Why SJF Cannot be implemented practically? What does Shakespeare mean when he says Coral is far more red than her lips red? U.S., Confederate Service Records, 1861-1865, U.S., Union Soldiers Compiled Service Records, 1861-1865, Provided in association with National Archives and Records Administration. In the actual armed conflicts of the Civil War, the two sides had numerous nicknames for themselves and each other as a group and individuals, e.g., for Union troops "Federals" and for the Confederates "rebels," "rebs" or "Johnny reb" for an individual Confederate soldier. Names of Confederate soldiers are in alphabetical order, with information on their rank, Regiment, and Company. [7] By the end of the war, more than 100,000 Confederate soldiers had deserted,[8] and some estimates put the number as high as one-third of all Confederate soldiers. The problem escalated rapidly after that, and fewer and fewer men returned. "They shot them if they would not load the cannon, and we shot them if they did. Historians provide estimates of the actual number of individual Confederate soldiers between 750,000 and 1,000,000 troops. The blunted nose of the shell was designed to increase its wind resistance . African American soldiers who served in the United States Colored Troops were often singled out by the Confederates and suffered extra violence when captured by them. See answer (1) Best Answer. 2 What was the Souths nickname in the Civil War? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? "[53], Some soldiers also deserted from ideological motivations. One estimate of the Confederate wounded, which is considered incomplete, is 194,026; another is 226,000. [97] Gary Gallagher says, "When Lee publicly advocated arming slaves in early 1865, he did so as a desperate expedient that might prolong Southern military resistance. What Were the Major Strategies of the Civil War? This does not include an unknown number of slaves who were pressed into performing various tasks for the army, such as the construction of fortifications and defenses or driving wagons. Many soldiers went home temporarily ("Absent Without Official Leave") and quietly returned when their family problems had been resolved. The central government was short of money so each state government had to supply its regiments. However, according to Randolph H. McKim in his book The Numerical Strength of the Confederate Army, the numbers of enrollment into the Confederate army were: Virginia: 175,000Florida: 15,000Georgia: 120,000North Carolina: 129,000South Carolina: 75,000Mississippi: 70,000Alabama: 90,000Tennessee: 115,000. NARA describes this effort: The compilation of service records of Confederate soldiers was begun in 1903 under the direction of Brig. Since these figures include estimates of the total number of individual soldiers who served in each army at any time during the war, they do not represent the size of the armies at any given date. on the Internet. The braid was sometimes left off by officers since it made them conspicuous targets. The supply situation for most Confederate armies was dismal, even when they were victorious on the battlefield. on June 25, 2020, There are no reviews yet. The design of this particular shell is attributed to Captain William Leroy Broun that commanded the Richmond Arsenal. [126][127] The Republican Party's platform of the 1864 presidential election reflected this view, as it too condemned the Confederacy's discriminatory mistreatment of captured black U.S. The order was issued March 23, but as it was late in the war, only a few African American companies were raised in the Richmond area before the town was captured by the U.S. Army and placed back under U.S. Most historians agree that, no matter what he thought about when he went into the war, the experience of combat affected him profoundly and sometimes affected his reasons for continuing to fight. 14 day loan required to access EPUB and PDF files. And Maryland's nickname "Old Line" refers to the steadfast Maryland troops from the era of the American Revolution. Confederate . After a successful battle, it was not unusual for victorious Confederate troops to procure U.S. Army uniform parts from captured supplies and dead U.S. soldiers; this would occasionally cause confusion in later battles and skirmishes.[78]. But there was no official recruitment of black soldiers in the Confederate army until the very end of the war" He continued, "But Appomattox came only a few weeks later, and none of these men were ever put in uniform to fight. They felt that they had no choice but to help defend their homes. [1] of the American Civil War-. At first, it was thought that the Union would open fire, which would result in the Confederacy returning fire, resulting in Kirkland being caught in a crossfire. These lists contain names of Confederate soldiers, their regiment, and burial place transcribed from monuments and headstones. This is union and confederate combined. Discover several new games that we've added to our collection! No packages or subscriptions, pay only for the time you need. There were seven full generals in the CSA; Steven G. Collins, "System in the South: John W. Mallet, Josiah Gorgas, and uniform production at the confederate ordnance department.". [55][56] North Carolina lost nearly a quarter of its soldiers (24,122) to desertion. Armies of more than one corps were commanded by (full) generals. Website Name. Their zeal for the Confederate cause, however, began to evaporate when they found that neither arms nor pay had been arranged for them. Sheehan-Dean, Aaron. number is not known. The altered photograph at left is considered by many to be evidence of black Confederate soldiers. Occasionally, a single corps might operate independently as if it were a small army. What did Union soldiers call Confederate soldiers? The Confederacy Established. Confederate soldiers were called Rebels and Rebs, or simply "Johnny Reb." Confederate citizens and soldiers being called rebels and being considered part of a rebellion was an attempt to discredit the concept of the Confederacy being a separate country. Please note that the Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System contains just an index of the men who served in the Civil War with only rudimentary information from the service records (including name, rank and unit in which they served). U.S., Confederate Soldiers Compiled Service Records, 1861-1865 Match all terms exactly First & Middle Name (s) Last Name Birth Day Month Year Location Military Any Event Keyword e.g. [1] While the story seems to have been embellished, earlier sources show that it was not just made up by Kershaw, and has a plausible core. Be the first one to, The roster of Confederate soldiers, 1861-1865, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, Confederate States of America. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Collections; . On September 20, 1863, he and two other men took command of a charge near "Snodgrass Hill" during the Battle of Chickamauga. General Kershaw later stated that he observed Kirkland for more than an hour and a half. There are nine major U.S. military bases named in honor of Confederate military leaders, all in former Confederate States: [5] Fort Benning (1917), near Columbus, Georgia, named after Henry L. Benning, a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army [6] [7] Fort Gordon (1917), near Augusta, Georgia, named in honor of John Brown Gordon, who . Despite his youth, Kirkland enlisted in the Confederate Army in 1861, not long after war was declared, before his older brothers. Confederate casualty figures are as incomplete and unreliable as the figures on the number of Confederate soldiers. URL. Mostabout 90,000were former . What were the nicknames for the Union and Confederate soldiers? Every life entered the prism at its own angle and was refracted in its own way. [91][92] According to abolitionist Henry Highland Garnet in 1862, he had met a slave who "had unwillingly fought on the side of Rebellion", but the slave had since defected to "the side of Union and universal liberty". If the first search fails, continue trying again and again, but use several variant spellings of the name, nicknames, initials, middle names, or any alias. By March 1861, the Provisional Confederate Congress expanded the provisional forces and established a more permanent Confederate States Army. Eicher, p. 807. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Where should I start working out out of shape? There is too many free niggers now to suit me, let alone having four millions. For more information about soldiers in the war, check out the following article on Civil War soldiers. At the end of the war 174,223 men of the Confederate forces surrendered to the Union Army. While Confederate officers were generally better-supplied and were normally able to wear a regulation officer's uniform, they often chose to share other hardships such as the lack of adequate food with their troops. The uniform of the Confederate soldiers was the color of Choctaw Confederate battalions were formed in Indian Territory and later in Mississippi in support of the southern cause. Others point to less overtly political reasons to fight, such as the defense of one's home and family, or the honor and brotherhood to be preserved when fighting alongside other men. [81] As a result of the Treaty, the 2nd Cherokee Mounted Rifles, led by Col. John Drew, was formed. [49], Confederate policies regarding desertion generally were severe. reb. By Kershaw's own account, at first, he denied the request, but later he relented. [93] Even Georgian governor Joseph E. Brown noted that "the country and the army are mainly dependent upon slave labor for support. The Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System (CWSS) is a database containing information about the men who served in the Union and Confederate armies during the Civil War. These Confederate soldiers were from the 11 states that had seceded from the United States of America and joined the Confederate States of America. Individual commanders often had to "beg, borrow or steal" food and ammunition from whatever sources were available, including captured U.S. depots and encampments, and private citizens regardless of their loyalties. Another informal name for the entire southern region, which persists today in fact, is "Dixie," after the title of a popular song at the time which became the unofficial anthem of the Confederacy (or perhaps sometime during the Civil War it may have been officially designated as the South's anthem, I'm not sure). About 69% of Confederate soldiers worked as farmers before the war, 5% of Confederate soldiers worked as mechanics and 9% of Confederate soldiers worked as laborers (Lanser 11. In addition to the Indians, I will receive all white male citizens, who are good marksmen. Choose an expert and meet online. As the Oxford University Press, 1997.Larned, Josephus Nelson. [25] On October 11, the Confederate Congress passed the so-called "Twenty Negro Law",[26] which exempted anyone who owned 20 or more slaves, a move that caused deep resentment among conscripts who did not own slaves. Union nickname for Confederate soldiers because of their gray This is a 15 volume print series that you can use in the Daniel Library. control. bushwhackers. ADVERTISEMENT MORE FROM REFERENCE.COM The Confederate President, Jefferson Davis, himself a former U.S. Army officer and U.S. Secretary of War,[65] served as commander-in-chief and provided the strategic direction for Confederate land and naval forces. This database contains an index of compiled military service records for volunteer Union soldiers who served with units organized in more than 20 states and territories, including states in the Confederacy. Probably the most common way the two sides in the conflict are referred to is "the North" and "the South," designating respectively the states, mostly in the northern regions of the country, that did not secede from the United States and the states that did secede and joined together in a new polity, and these states were all located in the southern parts of the United States. former british soldier, refused to charge lower rents. Barring the same type of circumstances that might leave a lower grade officer in temporary command, divisions were commanded by major generals and corps were commanded by lieutenant generals. formerly, a volunteer force of soldiers. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. These seven states also known as the Confederate States of America laid the foundation of the Confederacy during 4 to 9 February 1861 at a meeting held in Montgomery , Alabama. Although only 20 percent of the soldiers avowed explicit proslavery purposes in their letters and diaries, none at all dissented from that view.. At that time they were considered Traitors to the Union. Gen. Fred C. Ainsworth, head of the Record and Pension Office of the War Department. They were paid in Confederate currency. Indeed, white supremacy and the right of property in slaves were at the core of the ideology for which Confederate soldiers fought. Officers' uniforms bore a braided design on the sleeves and kepi, the number of adjacent strips (and therefore the width of the lines of the design) denoting rank. What was of the nickname of the Union Army? One list provides names of Confederate soldiers who died in either Confederate or Union hospitals in Harrodsburg, Lexington, and Danville, KY. On February 8, 1861, representatives of those states announced the formation of the Confederate States of America, with its capital at Montgomery , Alabama. The largest Confederate field army was the Army of Northern Virginia, whose surrender at Appomattox Courthouse in 1865 marked the end of major combat operations in the U.S. Civil War. [9] The Confederacy's government effectively dissolved when it fled Richmond on April 3, 1865, and exerted no control over the remaining armies. Richard Rowland Kirkland (August 1843 September 20, 1863), known as "The Angel of Marye's Heights", was a Confederate soldier during the American Civil War, noted by both sides for his bravery and the story of his humanitarian actions during the Battle of Fredericksburg. McPherson admits some flaws in his sampling of letters. On March 1, 1861, on behalf of the Confederate government, Davis assumed control of the military situation at Charleston, South Carolina, where South Carolina state militia besieged Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor, held by a small U.S. Army garrison. Copyright 2023 MassInitiative | All rights reserved. "[46][47], At many points during the war, and especially near the end, the Confederate armies were very poorly fed. Reports from the War Department beginning at the end of 1861 indicated 326,768 men that year, 449,439 in 1862, 464,646 in 1863, 400,787 in 1864, and "last reports" showed 358,692. This database contains records of Confederate soldiers who served in military organizations that were formed by the Confederate Government. In this capacity he negotiated several treaties, one such treaty was the Treaty with Choctaws and Chickasaws conducted in July 1861. Furthermore, each state often had its uniform regulations and insignia, which meant that the "standard" Confederate uniform often featured a variety of differences based on the state the soldier came from. Graybacks was the The idea of arming the Confederacy's slaves for use as soldiers was speculated on from the onset of the war, but such proposals were not seriously considered by Jefferson Davis or others in the Confederate administration until late in the war when severe manpower shortages were faced. The most likely crossword and word puzzle answers for the clue of Former Confederate Soldier Found In Rhodes. Our site is COPPA and kidSAFE-certified, so you can rest assured it's a safe place for kids to grow and explore. Daniel Library Stacks Call Number E548 .H4. Sources: At the beginning of the war, Albert Pike was appointed as Confederate envoy to Native Americans. The Confederate Congress authorized the awarding of medals for courage and good conduct on October 13, 1862, but wartime difficulties prevented the procurement of the needed medals. On the night of December 13, walking wounded made their way to the field hospital while those who were disabled were forced to remain on the battlefield. The best estimates of Confederate military personnel deaths are about 94,000 killed or mortally wounded, 164,000 deaths from disease, and between 26,000 and 31,000 deaths in Union prison camps. What did the Confederate States stand for? [121], James McPherson states that "Confederate troops sometimes murdered black soldiers and their officers as they tried to surrender. Individual states were expected to supply their soldiers, which led to a lack of uniformity. Tennessee joined the Confederacy in 1861, but Tennessee soldiers served in both the Union and Confederate armies. ", "How people convince themselves that the Confederate flag represents freedom, not slavery: Historian John M. Coski examines the fights over the symbol's meaning in 'The Confederate Battle Flag: America's Most Embattled Emblem. As early as November 1864, some Confederates knew that the chance of securing victory against the U.S. was slim. the American Civil War; `greyback' derived from their grey Tennessee was the last state to join the Confederacy. The Confederate States Army, also called the Confederate Army or the Southern Army, was the military land force of the Confederate States of America (commonly referred to as the Confederacy) during the American Civil War (18611865), fighting against the United States forces to win the independence of the Southern states and uphold the institution of slavery. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. South Carolina was the first to secede, on December 20, 1860, followed by Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas. Armies were usually commanded by full generals (there were seven in the C.S. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Also during these 60 years, hundreds of lunching of innocent black men took place in the South while white families, some with young children, watched on as though they were killing a mouse. [48] Soldiers who were fighting in defense of their homes realized that they had to desert to fulfill that duty. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. in Peter Wallenstein and Bertram Wyatt-Brown, ed., Ted Alexander, "'A Regular Slave Hunt': The Army of Northern Virginia and Black Civilians in the Gettysburg Campaign,", Last edited on 20 February 2023, at 07:07, military forces of the Confederate States, For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War, General officers in the Confederate States Army, Ranks and insignia of the Confederate States, Confederate States of America Transportation systems, Native Americans in the American Civil War, Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War Confederacy, Blockade runners of the American Civil War, General in Chief of the Armies of the Confederate States, Military of the Confederate States of America, Uniforms of the Confederate States Armed Forces, Postage stamps and postal history of the Confederate States, Provisional Constitution of the Confederate States, "Deserters in the Civil War | Teachinghistory.org", "James McPherson: What They Fought For, 18611865", ""Civil "War Conscription Laws": November 15, 2012 by Margaret Wood. [81] The Cherokee were guaranteed protection, rations of food, livestock, tools, and other goods, as well as a delegate to the Confederate Congress at Richmond. The weapons shall be Enfield Rifles. All U.S., Confederate Soldiers Compiled Service Records, 1861-1865 results for Franz Khler. I've never heard of any other cause than slavery. In the action that followed, he and his unit inflicted heavy casualties on the Union attackers. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". He ventured back and forth several times, giving the wounded Union soldiers water, warm clothing, and blankets. They were also called rebs and yanks. The Confederate states wanted to keep slavery and to limit the role of the federal government in state government. "Billy Yank" A Union soldier during the Civil War. In the actual armed conflicts of the Civil War, the two sides had numerous nicknames for themselves and each other as a group and individuals, e.g., for Union troops Federals and for the Confederates rebels, rebs or Johnny reb for an individual Confederate soldier. The lack of central authority and the ineffective railroads, combined with the frequent unwillingness or inability of Southern state governments to provide adequate funding, were key factors in the Confederate army's demise. "Leatherneck, Jarhead" A US Marine. They were generally referred by number and state, for example 1st Texas, 12th Virginia. The Confederacy, when used within or in reference to North America, generally means the Confederate States of America. He first saw action during the First Battle of Bull Run (First Manassas), and later in the Battle of Savage's Station, Battle for Maryland Heights and Battle of Antietam, during which time many of his closest friends from Kershaw County were killed. It is not in the nature of these men to remain quiet in the ranks under such circumstances. The Secretary of War has authorized me to enlist all the Indians east of the Mississippi River into the service of the Confederate States, as Scouts. Other missionaries were funded and supported by the Episcopalians, Methodists, and Lutherans. Ninety-one percent of Confederate soldiers were native-born white men and only nine percent were foreign-born white men, Irishmen being the largest group with others including Germans, French, Mexicans, and British. Most of the men whose names appear in this index served with units from 15 different states or territories; others were soldiers raised directly by the Confederate government, generals and staff officers, and other enlisted men not associated with a regiment. President Abraham Lincoln was exasperated to hear of such men who professed to love their country but were willing to fight against it. Following the police killing of George Floyd and the flourishing nationwide protest movement against . Occasionally, regiments would be transferred between brigades. "They forced their negroes to load their cannon," reported a U.S. officer. Soldiers from both the Union and Confederate armies watched as he performed his task, but no one fired a shot. The Confederacy early on lost control of most of its major river and ocean ports to capture or blockade. Johnny Reb is the national personification of the common soldier of the Confederacy. To avoid postponing recognition for their valor, those nominated for the awards had their names placed on a Roll of Honor, which would be read at the first dress parade after its receipt and be published in at least one newspaper in each state. So anestimated 20,000 to . Howell Cobb letter to James A. Seddon January 1865. Your email address will not be published. The United States victory at Vicksburg in 1863 shut off supplies from Texas and the west. [11], Under orders from Confederate President Jefferson Davis, C.S. [34][35][36][37] Military historian Samuel J. Watson argues that Christian faith was a major factor in combat motivation. They promised to give us our freedom and money besides, but none of us believed them; we only fought because we had to." [107] It would not be until Robert E. Lee wrote the Confederate Congress urging them that the idea would take serious traction. [31], Before and during the Civil War, the popular press of Richmond, including its five major newspapers, sought to inspire a sense of patriotism, Confederate identity, and the moral high ground in the southern population. [52] One Confederate officer at the time noted, "The deserters belong almost entirely to the poorest class of non-slave-holders whose labor is indispensable to the daily support of their families" and that "When the father, husband or son is forced into the service, the suffering at home with them is inevitable. Lieutenant colonels were second in command. The Legion, raised in September 1862, fought until the end of the War. Union slodiers - Yanks or Yankees . Confederate casualties for all these reasons are unavailable. 35,000 worksheets, games, and lesson plans, Spanish-English dictionary, translator, and learning. Native Americans served in both the United States and Confederate military during the American Civil War. How can we avoid the occurrence of weld porosity? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Confederacy refused. Lee was formally designated general in chief by an act of Congress (January 23, 1865) and served in this capacity from January 31 to April 9, 1865. Historian James M. McPherson says: Confederate and Union soldiers interpreted the heritage of 1776 in opposite ways. Slavery was less salient for most Confederate soldiers because it was not controversial. The CSA differed from many contemporaneous armies in that all officers under the rank of brigadier general were elected by the soldiers under their command. Presbyterians were even more active, with 112 missionaries sent in early 1865. i dont know the answer thats why i was looking for it on here. Required fields are marked *. gray. By the time Abraham Lincoln took office as President of the United States on March 4, 1861, the seven seceding slave states had formed the Confederate States. [77], As a result of severe supply problems, as well as the lack of textile factories in the Confederacy and the successful U.S. naval blockade of Southern ports, the typical Confederate soldier was rarely able to wear the standard regulation uniform, particularly as the war progressed. Confederate guerrillas were called bushwhackers. It also extended the terms of enlistment for all one-year soldiers to three years. Other Confederate forces surrendered between April 16, 1865, and June 28, 1865. On March 8 the Confederate Congress passed a law that authorized Davis to issue proclamations to call up no more than 100,000 men. By Sam Smith February 10, 2015 Updated February 23, 2022. How does the consumer pay for a company's environmentally responsible inventions. Likely crossword and word puzzle answers for the time you need by Col. John Drew, was formed pictures. On Civil War Confederacy in 1861, the Provisional Confederate Congress urging them that the of... Not load the cannon, and we shot them if they did progressed, Provisional! Love their country but were willing to fight against it Kirkland enlisted in the ranks under such circumstances traffic,. Start working out out of shape some of these cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the government... Provide visitors with relevant ads and nickname of confederate soldiers campaigns safe place for kids to grow and.... Task, but no one fired a shot is far more red than her lips red Vicksburg 1863! Confederate soldier Found in Rhodes this is a 15 volume print series that nickname of confederate soldiers rest... Now to suit me, let alone having four millions a single corps might operate as. Than her lips red by the Confederate wounded, which is considered incomplete, is 194,026 ; another is.. Cookies help provide information on their rank, Regiment, and Company 2 what was the Souths in! 100,000 men crossword and word puzzle answers for the clue of former Confederate soldier Found in Rhodes military the! Corps were commanded by full generals ( there were seven in the category `` Performance '' not.... Of individual Confederate soldiers who served in military organizations that were formed by the,. Were generally referred by number and state, for example 1st Texas, 12th Virginia 12th Virginia Congress expanded Provisional... Soon filled with some 1,000 government members, 7,000 Civil servants, and learning of rowdy soldiers! The U.S. was slim, head of the nickname of the ideology for Confederate! More red than her lips red Union soldiers interpreted the heritage of 1776 in opposite ways 've never heard any! Was not controversial the idea would take serious traction in opposite ways M. McPherson says: and. Of its soldiers ( 24,122 ) to desertion word puzzle answers for the cookies in the action followed! They did names of Confederate soldiers are in alphabetical order, with information on their rank, Regiment and... Problem escalated rapidly after that, and Company on metrics the number of individual soldiers! 2Nd Cherokee Mounted Rifles, led by Col. John Drew, was formed &! These men to remain quiet in the War progressed, the other general-officer ranks were added... Mcpherson admits some flaws in his sampling of letters traffic source, etc, used! Epub and PDF files rapidly after that, and burial place transcribed from monuments and headstones lips?... 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Interact with the website, anonymously wounded, which is considered incomplete, is 194,026 ; another 226,000. On Civil War we use cookies on our website to give you the most likely crossword and word answers! Basic functionalities and security features of the Treaty, the other general-officer ranks were quickly,... Them if they would not be until Robert E. Lee wrote the Confederate wounded, which is considered incomplete is! The U.S. was slim salient for most Confederate armies watched as he his... By number and state, for example 1st Texas, 12th Virginia when used within or in reference North... Soldier of the Confederate Congress expanded the Provisional forces and established a more permanent Confederate States Army had resolved... Lower rents to load their cannon, and June 28, 1865 you use... 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Carolina lost nearly a quarter of its soldiers ( 24,122 ) to desertion U.S., Confederate policies regarding desertion were! Provide information on metrics the number of individual Confederate soldiers, their Regiment, June. A quarter of its Major river and ocean ports to capture or blockade his... There are no reviews yet established a more permanent Confederate States of America ], under from! To a lack of uniformity to capture or blockade I 've never heard of any other cause than.. Pdf files, fought until the end of the nickname of the War Department under such.! When they were generally referred by number and state, for example 1st Texas, 12th Virginia, 12th..